ABSTRACT
Efficient contact tracing is a crucial step in preventing the spread of COVID-19. However, the current methods rely heavily on manual investigation and truthful reporting by high-risk individuals. Mobile applications and Bluetooth-based contact tracing methods have also been adopted, but privacy concerns and reliance on personal data have limited their effectiveness. To address these challenges, in this paper, a geospatial big data method that combines person reidentification and geospatial information for contact tracing is proposed. The proposed real-time person reidentification model can identify individuals across multiple surveillance cameras, and the surveillance data is fused with geographic information and mapped onto a 3D geospatial model to track movement trajectories. After real-world verification, the proposed method achieves a first accuracy rate of 91.56%, a first-five accuracy rate of 97.70%, and a mean average precision of 78.03% with an inference speed of 13 ms per image. Importantly, the proposed method does not rely on personal information, mobile phones, or wearable devices, avoiding the limitations of existing contact tracing schemes and providing significant implications for public health in the post-COVID-19 era.
ABSTRACT
It is unclear how different diets may affect human brain development and if genetic and environmental factors play a part. We investigated diet effects in the UK Biobank data from 18,879 healthy adults and discovered anticorrelated brain-wide gray matter volume (GMV)-association patterns between coffee and cereal intake, coincidence with their anticorrelated genetic constructs. The Mendelian randomization approach further indicated a causal effect of higher coffee intake on reduced total GMV, which is likely through regulating the expression of genes responsible for synaptic development in the brain. The identified genetic factors may further affect people's lifestyle habits and body/blood fat levels through the mediation of cereal/coffee intake, and the brain-wide expression pattern of gene CPLX3, a dedicated marker of subplate neurons that regulate cortical development and plasticity, may underlie the shared GMV-association patterns among the coffee/cereal intake and cognitive functions. All the main findings were successfully replicated. Our findings thus revealed that high-cereal and low-coffee diets shared similar brain and genetic constructs, leading to long-term beneficial associations regarding cognitive, body mass index (BMI), and other metabolic measures. This study has important implications for public health, especially during the pandemic, given the poorer outcomes of COVID-19 patients with greater BMIs.